__attribute__((hot))
static uint8_t memory_read(struct nes_state *restrict state, uint32_t offset) {
	state->cycles++;
	ppu_tick(state);

	if(LIKELY(offset < 0x2000)) {
		return state->ram[offset & 0x07ff];

	} else if(offset < 0x4000) {
		return ppu_read(state, offset);

	} else if(offset == 0x4016 || offset == 0x4017) {
		uint32_t index = offset & 1;
		uint8_t value = (state->input_latch[index] >> state->input_bit[index]) & 1;
		state->input_bit[index]++;
		return value | 0x40;	// Bit 6 open bus high, bit 7 low

	} else if(LIKELY(offset >= 0x6000)) {
		return state->mapper.prg_read(state, offset);

	}
	return 0;
}

__attribute__((hot))
static void memory_write(struct nes_state *restrict state, uint32_t offset, uint8_t value) {
	state->cycles++;
	ppu_tick(state);

	if(LIKELY(offset < 0x2000)) {
		state->ram[offset & 0x07ff] = value;

	} else if(offset < 0x4000) {
		ppu_write(state, offset, value);

	} else if(offset == 0x4014) {
		ppu_dma_4014(state, value);

	} else if(offset == 0x4016) {
		uint8_t prev = state->input_strobe;
		state->input_strobe = value & 1;

		if(prev == 1 && (value & 1) == 0) {
			// Latch current inputs
			state->input_latch[0] = state->input[0];
			state->input_latch[1] = state->input[1];
			state->input_bit[0] = 0;
			state->input_bit[1] = 0;
		}

	} else if(offset >= 0x6000) {
		state->mapper.prg_write(state, offset, value);
	}
}

__attribute__((hot))
static uint8_t memory_read_dma(struct nes_state *restrict state, uint32_t offset) {
	// Do not tick CPU/PPU/APU — caller handles timing
	if(LIKELY(offset < 0x2000)) {
		return state->ram[offset & 0x07ff];

	} else if(offset >= 0x6000) {
		return state->mapper.prg_read(state, offset);

	}
	return 0;
}

__attribute__((hot))
static uint8_t memory_read_dummy(struct nes_state *restrict state, uint32_t offset) {
	state->cycles++;
	ppu_tick(state);

	if(UNLIKELY(offset >= 0x2000 && offset < 0x4000)) {
		return ppu_read(state, offset);
	}
	return 0;
}