static uint8_t memory_read(struct nes_state *restrict state, uint32_t offset) {
	state->cycle++;
	ppu_tick(state); ppu_tick(state); ppu_tick(state);

	// state->ram[0x301] = 0x1;
	if(offset < 0x2000) {
		return state->ram[offset & 0x07ff];
	} else if(offset < 0x4000) {
		switch(offset & 7) {
			case 2: return ppu_read_2002(state);
			case 4: return ppu_read_2004(state);
			case 7: return ppu_read_2007(state);
			default: return 0;
		}
	} else if(offset < 0x4020) {
		// TODO: APU and I/O reads
		return 0;
	} else if(offset >= 0x6000) {
		return state->mapper.read(state, offset);
	} else {
		return 0;
	}
}

static void memory_write(struct nes_state *restrict state, uint32_t offset, uint8_t value) {
	state->cycle++;
	ppu_tick(state); ppu_tick(state); ppu_tick(state);

// if(offset == 0x0300) {
// 	printf("WRITE $0300 = %02x @ PC=%04x\n", value, state->cpu.pc);
// }

	if(offset < 0x2000) {
		state->ram[offset & 0x07ff] = value;
	} else if(offset < 0x4000) {
		switch(offset & 7) {
			case 0: ppu_write_2000(state, value); break;
			case 1: ppu_write_2001(state, value); break;
			case 3: ppu_write_2003(state, value); break;
			case 4: ppu_write_2004(state, value); break;
			case 5: ppu_write_2005(state, value); break;
			case 6: ppu_write_2006(state, value); break;
			case 7: ppu_write_2007(state, value); break;
			default: break;
		}
	} else if(offset == 0x4014) {
		ppu_dma_4014(state, value);
	} else if(offset < 0x4020) {
		// TODO: APU and I/O writes
	} else if(offset >= 0x6000) {
		state->mapper.write(state, offset, value);
	}
}

static uint8_t memory_read_dma(struct nes_state *restrict state, uint32_t offset) {
	// Do not tick CPU/PPU/APU — caller handles timing
	if(offset < 0x2000) {
		return state->ram[offset & 0x07ff];
	} else if(offset < 0x4000) {
		// PPU register reads are ignored during DMA
		return 0;
	} else if(offset < 0x4020) {
		// APU and I/O — usually ignored or blocked during DMA
		return 0;
	} else if(offset >= 0x6000) {
		return state->mapper.read(state, offset);
	} else {
		return 0;
	}
}

static uint8_t memory_read_dummy(struct nes_state *restrict state, uint32_t offset) {
	state->cycle++;
	ppu_tick(state); ppu_tick(state); ppu_tick(state);

	if(offset < 0x2000) {
		return 0;
	} else if(offset < 0x4000) {
		switch(offset & 7) {
			case 2: return ppu_read_2002(state);
			case 7: return ppu_read_2007(state);
			default: return 0;
		}
	} else if(offset < 0x4020) {
		return 0;
	} else if(offset >= 0x6000) {
		return state->mapper.read(state, offset);
	} else {
		return 0;
	}
}